Cumplimiento de normas de bioseguridad en estudiantes de odontología y enfermería durante prácticas clínicas universitarias
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Abstract
Biosafety is a fundamental component of patient safety and healthcare quality, representing an essential competency during the clinical training of future health professionals. The aim of this study was to comparatively analyze compliance with biosafety standards among Dentistry and Nursing students during university clinical practice using a Global Biosafety Compliance Index (GBCI). An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was conducted involving a convenience sample of 60 undergraduate students. Data were collected using a structured 15-item questionnaire organized into four dimensions: knowledge, practices, institutional conditions, and attitudes. The instrument was validated through expert judgment and demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0,955). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test and Pearson's chi-square test, adopting a significance level of p < 0,05. The findings revealed a high level of compliance with biosafety standards, with 78,3 % of participants achieving a high score on the Global Biosafety Compliance Index, and no statistically significant differences were identified between Dentistry and Nursing students (p > 0,05). Knowledge, practices, and attitudes reached high mean scores, whereas institutional conditions had the lowest mean score. It is concluded that biosafety compliance is a multidimensional phenomenon related to both individual competencies and institutional factors. The GBCI represents an initial methodological proposal for the multidimensional assessment of biosafety compliance, whose validity and reliability require further evaluation in future studies.
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