Dental records as a forensic evidentiary tool in human identification: A literature review

Main Article Content

Sara Morán Lozano
Otto Campos Mancero
María Flor Chávez

Abstract

The identification of cadavers in contexts of decomposition, burning, or fragmentation represents a crucial challenge in legal medicine. Forensic dentistry has proven to be a highly reliable tool due to the resistance of dental tissues and the information contained in clinical records. This article reviews literature published between 2020 and 2025 on the usefulness of dental records in forensic identification processes, with special emphasis on their technical value, limitations, and innovation prospects. The research was conducted in academic databases, including PubMed, Scielo, and Scopus, and selected 20 studies that encompassed empirical research, systematic reviews, and clinical cases. Findings show that dental records—particularly those including dental charts, radiographs, clinical photographs, and models—constitute decisive sources for antemortem and postmortem comparison. However, challenges persist, such as the absence of standardized protocols, insufficient training in forensic dentistry, and the lack of clear legal frameworks for their preservation. Emerging technologies, including electronic health records, artificial intelligence, and blockchain, show potential to improve traceability, security, and legal validity of these documents. It is concluded that strengthening regulation and professional training are essential elements to consolidate the use of dental records as probative and humanitarian tools in cadaver identification processes

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How to Cite
Morán Lozano, S., Campos Mancero, O., & Flor Chávez, M. (2025). Dental records as a forensic evidentiary tool in human identification: A literature review. RES NON VERBA Scientific Journal, 15(2), 119–132. https://doi.org/10.21855/resnonverba.v15i2.1104
Section
Artículos
Author Biographies

Sara Morán Lozano, Universidad de Guayaquil

Odontóloga General.

Otto Campos Mancero, Universidad de Guayaquil

Doctor en odontología. Magister en Investigación Clínica y, Diploma Superior en Sistema de Educación Superior, Modular Basados en Créditos Acumulables y Transferible.

María Flor Chávez, Universidad de Guayaquil

Doctor en odontología, Magíster con Especialidad en Periodoncia e Implantología.

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